Understanding Dual Band WiFi – 2.4GHz vs 5GHz Frequency Bands

Dual Band WiFi has taken over the router industry standards. For everyone who is looking to upgrade their old router, the main feature to consider is dual band WiFi capability. What exactly do we mean by dual band? When we speak of dual bands WiFi, we are actually referring to the WiFi frequencies.

Frequencies on your WiFi router (2.4GHz and 5GHz) are like distinct data highways that can each support the needs of connected devices. A 2.4GHz band has a more extended range but is less powerful, while 5GHz is more powerful but has a shorter range. A “dual band” router supporting both frequencies can support more devices and can switch devices from one frequency to another if either of them gets too full.

Frequency means the number of times a vibration passes in a waveform per second and is measured in Hertz (Hz). Your WiFi uses frequency or waves that bounce around for your devices to have a connection. The transmission of data happens similar to a freeway whereby traffic is flowing in opposite directions. The same is true with the WiFi frequency.

Differences of Dual Band WiFi

WiFi is active on both the 2.4GHz and 5GHz radio frequencies. While almost all WiFi devices will use the 2.4GHz spectrum, some newer devices will also operate on 5GHz. Knowing the difference between these frequencies will help you plan out your space better to get the most out of your network.

The main advantage of 5GHz is transmission speed, often reaching multiples of what 2.4GHz can achieve. The other main advantage is that many devices only use the 2.4GHz band, so there is less saturation on 5GHz. Returning to our highway analogy, less congestion means more stable connections and ultimately a better Wi-Fi experience.

Although 5GHz has some strong advantages, the 2.4GHz band can travel longer distances, due to its longer wavelengths more easily bouncing around walls and into those tight corners. In the end, what 2.4GHz lacks in power, it more than makes up for in its increased range.

What this means: In most instances, the 2.4GHz channel is enough to accomplish most WiFi-related tasks, such as streaming movies, and downloading files across multiple devices. However, in spaces with many connections all competing for space (e.g. office, game room, living room), a 5GHz connection will offer a significant boost in the performance of those devices. With Mesh WiFi becoming commonplace, placing nodes (like Tenda Nova) in areas of high device-density will ensure a smoother WiFi connection and maximize the benefits of both the 2.4GHz and 5GHz frequency characteristics.